Mixer for fluent and nonfluent material

ABSTRACT

A feed mixer includes a mixer tank with a bottom wall having two curved wall portions defining the bottom of a large main chamber and smaller auxiliary chamber with an elongated ridge therebetween. A rotor having several elongated rotor bars adjacent the outer periphery is supported in the main chamber for rotation in a direction for movement of the rotor bars across the bottom of the main chamber toward the auxiliary chamber. The auxiliary chamber includes a pair of stacked augers adapted for moving material from one end of the tank to the other in opposite directions. Material is thus continuously cycled from the main chamber into a lower portion of the auxiliary chamber where it is moved toward one end of the mixer, forced upwardly into an upper portion of the auxiliary chamber and then directed toward the opposite end of the tank while spilling back into the main chamber for efficient end-to-end mixing of even long stringy hay material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed generally to an improved mixer for fluent and nonfluent material and to an improved method of mixing material within a mixer tank. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an improved mixer wherein material is mixed by a large rotor within a main chamber of a tank and then moved over a ridge into a lower portion of an auxiliary chamber where the material is advanced toward one end wall whereupon the material is piled upwardly into an upper portion of the auxiliary chamber and advanced toward the opposite end wall for spillage back into the main chamber and for downward movement back to the lower portion of the auxiliary chamber.

In the cattle industry, there is a recent trend back to the farmer feeder. In such operations, the cattle are fed a greater proportion of roughage such as hay and silage and a less proportion of grain. Furthermore, in large cattle operations, a farmer may have to mix and distribute as many as forty of fifty tank loads of feed per day. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved mixer capable of quickly and efficiently mixing and discharging large quantities of hay, silage and/or grain.

Feed mixers generally are known in the art. Copeland et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,909,605, in which inventor Neier herein was a co-inventor, disclosed a mixer capable of efficient end-to-end mixing. That mixer included an arrangement of upper and lower augers for moving material in opposite directions. That mixer was not suited for handling roughage such as long stringy hay, however, since the hay would become wedged between the lower auger and the downwardly and inwardly tapering side walls of the main chamber.

Crose U.S. Pat. No. 3,672,640 disclosed another mixer wherein a combination auger with rotor paddles was rotatably supported in a main chamber with a single discharge auger in a side chamber. A problem of this arrangement is the lack of end-to-end mixing. For example, if additives are poured into the tank at the downstream end of the main auger, no mixing of the additive with the material at the upstream end of the tank will occur. Furthermore, the Crose mixer is limited to the handling of fluent materials. The wall between the main and side chambers is so low that material is thrown laterally with substantial force. If hay were to be handled, it would be poked into the discharge auger by the rotors causing a binding action and potential damage.

A mixer designed to handle hay was disclosed in Walley U.S. Pat. No. 4,298,289. A rotor in a main chamber mixes the material and feeds it to a single rotating agitator in a side discharge chamber. Whereas this mixer is capable of handling hay, it has limited mixing capabilities and virtually no end-to-end mixing action.

Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved material mixer.

A more specific object is to provide a feed mixer capable of handling hay and roughage without binding action of the material therein.

Another object is to provide such a mixer with efficient end-to-end mixing capability.

Another object is to provide a mixer wherein material is mixed in a main chamber by a plurality of rotating rotor bars and wherein material is cycled through an auxiliary chamber wherein the material is advanced from end-to-end in opposite directions.

Another object is to provide a mixer wherein material is continuously cycled between the main and auxiliary chambers thereof and back and forth from end-to-end prior of discharge.

Another object is to provide an improved mixer capable of cleaning and discharging substantially all of the material from the main chamber.

Another object is to provide an improved mixer which is simple and rugged in construction, economical to manufacture and efficient in operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The improved mixer of the present invention includes a mixer tank having a bottom wall which is shaped to provide a relatively large curved wall portion defining the bottom of a main chamber and a second smaller curved wall portion defining the bottom of an auxiliary chamber with an elongated ridge at the junction of the curved wall portions. A rotor having several elongated rotor bars adjacent the outer periphery thereof, is supported in the main chamber for rotation in a direction for movement of the rotor bars across the first wall portion toward the auxiliary chamber.

The auxiliary chamber includes a pair of stacked augers adapted for moving material from one end of the tank to the other in opposite directions. Material is thus continuously cycled first in a mixing rotary motion within the main chamber whereupon material is presented to the lower auger in the auxiliary chamber for movement toward one end of the tank. As material piles up at said one end of the auxiliary chamber, the upper auger directs it back toward the opposite end of the tank. Much of the feed spills back into the main chamber with the remaining feed being recycled back downwardly to the lower auger in the auxiliary chamber.

A discharge gate is preferably positioned adjacent said one end of the auxiliary chamber. Feed is thus continuously cycled past the discharge gate and is ready to be emptied at any time. Another characteristic of the preferred wagon is that when the tank is full, the material tends to pile up at the end of the auxiliary chamber which is opposite to the discharge end.

The ridge between the main and auxiliary chambers is so positioned that material is fluffed upwardly by the rotor toward the auxiliary chamber but not forced or pinched between the rotor and lower auger. Finally, spring actuated wiper blades are provided on one or more of the rotor bars for cleaning and discharging substantially all of the material from the main chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the mixer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side elevational view of the mixer;

FIG. 3 is a rear sectional view of the drive train for the rotor and augers, taken along line 3--3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partial rear sectional view taken along line 4--4 in FIG. 2 and showing the movable door over the discharge opening of the mixer;

FIG. 5 is a partially sectional side view showing the stacked augers in the auxiliary chamber;

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional rear view of the mixer taken along line 6--6 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the upper auger;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the lower auger;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the rotor;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged partially sectional end view of the spring-loaded wiper blade on a rotor bar;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged partially sectional end view of the spring-mounted rotor bar, as seen on line 11--11 in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged foreshortened and partially sectional side view of the rotor bars, taken along line 12--12 in FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic perspective illustration of the flow path of through the mixer; and

FIG. 14 is a partially sectional end view through an alternate embodiment of the mixer including dual upper augers.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The feed mixer 10 of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 as supported on a single axle trailer frame 12 having a forwardly extended tongue 14 and a pair of ground wheels 16. It will be apparent that the mixer could alternately be mounted stationarily or on a truck or other vehicle but the trailer frame mounting is advantageous for ease of handling and for convenient use of the PTO drive train.

Mixer 10 includes a mixer tank 18 having forward and rearward end walls 20 and 22, opposite side walls 24 and 26 and a bottom wall 28 (FIG. 6). A peripheral frame, referred to generally at 30, surrounds, supports and connects the various tank walls together.

Referring to FIG. 6, bottom wall 28 includes a first relatively large radius curved wall portion 32 defining the bottom of a main chamber 34 and a second relatively smaller radius curved wall portion 36 defining the bottom of an auxiliary chamber 38 which is laterally disposed relative to main chamber 34. An elongated ridge 40 spans the length of the tank at the junction of the curved wall portions 32 and 36. An elongated generally wedge-shaped divider 42 spans the length of the tank on the interior surface of side wall 24 as a partial divider between upper and lower portions 44 and 46 of auxiliary chamber 38.

FIG. 6 also illustrates the arrangement of mixing units within the tank. These include a large rotor 48 in main chamber 34 and a pair of stacked augers including a lower auger 50 and upper auger 52 in auxiliary chamber 38. Each of these units include central shafts which are rotatably supported in the respective chambers and which extend rearwardly through rearward end wall 22 for driven connection to the PTO drive shaft 54 which extends along the underside of mixer 10 below bottom wall 28. Drive shaft 54 carries a small drive sprocket 56 which is connected by chain 58 to a large driven sprocket 60 on upper auger 52 for a speed reduction drive connection therebetween. Upper auger 52 carries a smaller drive sprocket 62 which is connected by chain 64 to a large driven sprocket 66 on lower auger 50 for a further speed reduction drive connection therebetween. Finally, a small drive sprocket 68 on lower auger 50 is connected by chain 70 to a large driven sprocket 72 on rotor 48 for a substantial speed reduction drive connection therebetween. Various spring arm mounted idler sprockets are provided as illustrated in FIG. 3 for each of the three drive chains 58, 64 and 70.

A discharge opening 74 is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 at an exterior lower forward location on auxiliary chamber 38. For side discharge mixers, the discharge opening 74 is preferably situated at the junction between side wall 24 and bottom wall portion 36. A movable door 76 is hinged along its upper edge for pivotal movement between the solid and dotted line positions illustrated in FIG. 4 for closing and opening discharge opening 74 respectively. Movement of door 76 is controlled by a pair of hydraulic cylinders 78 and 80 which are connected to a pair of hydraulic lines 82 and 84 which extend forwardly for connection to a tractor hydraulic system.

A discharge chute 86 extends downwardly and outwardy from discharge opening 74 and has a movable discharge guide 88 pivotally connected at the base of the chute 86 for up and down pivotal movement by hydraulic cylinder 90 as indicated by arrow 92 in FIG. 4.

The structure and arrangement of lower and upper augers 50 and 52 are illustrated in FIGS. 5-8. The term auger is used loosely to refer to a rotatable mixer capable of advancing material axially therealong and is not limited to the conventional structure wherein flighting is extended along substantially the entire length thereof. Lower auger 50 is rotatably supported on forward and rearward end walls 20 and 22 by bearings 95 and 97 respectively. Central shaft 94 has flighting 96 beginning at a position adjacent rearward end wall 22 and extending forwardly over slightly more than half of the length of the shaft for conveying material forwardly in the direction of arrow 98 in response to rotation of the lower auger in the direction of arrow 100. Forwardly of flighting 96, central shaft 94 carries a number of radially extended paddles arranged in axially and circumferentially spaced-apart relation. These paddles include several radially directed fins 102 adjacent the forward end of the shaft, which fins are inclined 45° relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis of lower auger 50 so as to operatively retard the forward motion of material in response to rotation of the auger in the direction of arrow 100. This facilitates the upward movement of material toward the upper auger 52. Between flighting 96 and fins 102 additional paddles are provided in the form of radially directed angle iron members 104 for chopping the feed material being advanced forwardly by the auger flighting 96. The angle iron members 104 are also so disposed that the inclined flanges thereof tend to move material forwardly toward the fins 102 in response to rotation of the lower auger.

Upper auger 52 is shown as being supported directly above lower auger 50 between forward and rearward end walls 20 and 22 by bearings 106 and 108. Central shaft 110 carries flighting 112 from a position adjacent forward end wall 20 to a position just beyond the halfway point between forward and rearward end walls 20 and 22. The upper auger also includes a number of radially extended paddles arranged in axially and circumferentially spaced-apart relation between the flighting 112 and rearward wall 22. These paddles are shown as radially extended angle iron members 114 and 116. Members 114 are so disposed that the inclined flanges thereof tend to advance material rearwardly in the direction of arrow 118 in response to rotation of the upper auger in the direction of arrow 119. The endmost members 116, however, are oppositely directed for retarding the rearward flow of material in response to rotation of upper auger 52 in the direction of arrow 119.

Rotor 48 is illustrated in FIG. 9 as including a central shaft 120 having a forward end 122 with forward and rearward rotor sections 124 and 126 fixed thereon for rotation therewith. Whereas the forward and rearward rotor sections 124 and 126 appear to be rotated 90° relative to one another, they are otherwise identical and accordingly like reference numerals will be used to refer to like parts of each.

Each rotor section includes forward rotor arms 128 which are circumferentially aligned with a set of rearward rotor arms 130. An elongated rotor bar 132, preferably in the form of a pipe, is axially extended between and connected to the outer ends of each aligned pair of forward and rearward rotor arms 128 and 130. These pipes turn and mix the feed in main chamber 34 in response to rotation of the rotor in the direction of arrow 134. The number of rotor arms at each end of a rotor section is not critical to the present invention although a single arm would result in rather slow mixing and more than five arms may tend to churn the feed as a unit without adequate mixing action.

Referring to FIG. 11, each rotor bar 132 is supported for limited radial movement relative to the associated rotor arms 128 and 130. Specifically, a channel member 136 on the surface of the rotor arm facing the rotor bar is provided with an open ended slot 138 for receiving one end of a rotor bar 132. The open end of slot 138 is closed by a generally inverted U-shaped closure 140 which is bolted to channel member 136 as shown. A compression spring 142 has its lower end fixed within channel 136 and its upper end bearing against the underside of rotor bar 132 to urge it radially outwardly of the rotor.

The rotor arms 128 and 130 are of a length such that the rotor bars 132, in their outermost positions, travel in an arc substantially conforming to and adjacent to the first curved wall portion 32 of bottom wall 28 as shown in FIG. 6.

An elongated wiper assembly 144 may be substituted for one or more rotor bars 132 on each rotor section. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 12, wiper assembly 144 includes an elongated wiper blade 146 having a straight continuous outer edge 148 and an inner edge fixed to a sleeve 150 for pivotal movement on pipe 152 which is fixed in radially offset relation from a pair of end sleeves 154 by a pair of end plates 156. End sleeves 154 each include a depending rod 158 for insertion into compression spring 142 as shown in FIG. 12. Sleeve 150 has a pair of tangential flanges 160 adjacent the opposite ends thereof which include an upstanding stub 162 for engaging one end of a compression spring 164. The other end of spring 64 is engaged upon an oppositely directed stub 166 on end plate flange 168 for urging wiper blade 146 in the direction of arrow 170 in FIG. 10 toward engagement with a stop member 172. Wiper blade 146 is thus free to pivot from the solid line position to the dotted line position indicated in FIG. 10 against the urging of compression spring 164 in response to encountering an obstruction. Each wiper blade is thus radially movable under the influence of compression springs 142 and pivotally movable under the influence of compression springs 164.

In operation, feed material is loaded into mixer tank 18 and any supplements or additives may be poured in with or over the feed material at any location along the tank. Upon engagement of the PTO drive linkage, the rotor 48 and upper and lower augers 50 and 52 are rotated in the directions indicated in FIG. 6 to cause movement of feed in a circulating path indicated in FIG. 13. Line 174 in FIG. 6 indicates the top surface of material when the tank is full. It is preferred that the tank be filled only to such a level that the rotor bars 132 remain exposed at their uppermost positions. This facilitates a falling action of the feed material over the rotor bar which results in improved mixing. As the rotor 48 turns, some of the material is simply circulated in a rotary path within main chamber 34 while being agitated by the rotor bars 132. Other material is fluffed upwardly over ridge 40 toward lower auger 50 for movement rearwardly along a lower portion of auxiliary chamber 38 in the direction of arrow 176. That material is chopped by the paddles 102 and 104 forwardly of the flighting for further mixing. When door 76 is in its closed position, rearward movement of material in the lower portion of auxiliary chamber 38 is retarded by the fins 102 whereupon the material moves upwardly in the direction of arrow 178 to a forward upper portion of auxiliary chamber 38. Upper auger 52 further mixes the material and advances it rearwardly along the upper portion of auxiliary chamber 38. The material closest to main chamber 34 spills over into the main chamber for recycling therein by the rotor 48. Other material is advanced to the rearward end of auxiliary chamber 38 where it is circulated back downwardly in the direction of arrow 180 to lower auger 50.

Whereas rotor 48 is not designed to induce axial movement of material in the main chamber 34, that material is continuously cycled back and forth in the auxiliary chamber and recirculated back to the main chamber at various axial positions therealong for thorough mixing of feed in the tank regardless of where it was initially deposited. Furthermore, the material is constantly circulated past discharge opening 74 so that the tank can readily be emptied at any time when the door 76 is opened. The retarding action of the fins 102 at the forward end of the lower auger 50 facilitates the discharge of material through discharge opening 74.

Another characteristic of the feed mixer 10 is that when the tank is full, material tends to pile up at the end of the auxiliary chamber 38 which is opposite to the end where the discharge opening 74 is situated.

Note that the discharge opening 74 could be situated at the rearward end of auxiliary chamber 38 and the operation would remain the same so long as the upper and lower augers 50 and 52 were reversed for movement of material in the opposite axial direction. Likewise, the discharge opening could be situated centrally of the auxiliary chamber in which case the lower auger would be designed to pull material from both ends toward the middle and the upper auger would direct material toward both ends from the middle. In all of these embodiments, the upper auger moves material in an axial direction opposite to the direction of flow of material therebelow by the lower auger. This is generally true at any position along the upper and lower augers but for those end positions where one or the other auger may have reverse operating paddles or kickers.

Another embodiment of the feed mixer 10 is shown in FIG. 14 wherein a pair of upper augers 182 and 184 have been substituted for the single upper auger 52 in the prior embodiment. These augers are of similar construction but of smaller diameter than the single upper auger and cooperate with one another to effect the same movement of material as described above in connection with the previous embodiment.

The vertical height of ridge 40 relative to rotor 48 and lower auger 52 is important for maximum efficiency of the feed mixer 10. Preferably ridge 40 is situated so that the material advanced over the ridge by rotor 48 is moving more in an upward vertical direction than in an outward lateral direction so that the rotor 48 feeds lower auger 50 but does not force feed it. Referring to FIG. 6, material moved onto and over ridge 40 is fluffed, not pinched, by the cooperating action of the rotor and lower auger. Any material which would tend to become pinched between the second curved wall portion 36 of bottom wall 38 and the lower auger is simply recirculated through the main chamber by rotor 48. Certainly ridge 40 should be lower than the central axis of rotor 48 and it is preferred that the auxiliary chamber is so designed that ridge 40 may also be lower than the central axis of lower auger 50 which is preferably situated lower than the central axis of the rotor 48. Whereas there is no critical location for ridge 40, there is a position of maximum efficiency. If the ridge is too high, there will be a slow discharge of material from the main chamber to the auxiliary chamber with resultant slow end-to-end mixing. If the ridge is too low good clean-out is not achieved because of the resulting gap between the rotor and lower auger.

Likewise, whereas specific dimensions are not critical to the feed mixer 10, one operative embodiment has been constructed with the following dimensions. The first curved wall portion 32 of main chamber 34 has an inside radius dimension of 341/4 inches for a 10 foot long tank. A 16 inch diameter upper auger rotating at 75 rpm drives a 20 inch lower auger rotating at 50 rpm which, in turn, drives the rotor at approximately 7 to 8 rpm.

Specific rotational speeds for the rotor and augers are not critical to the present invention but are preferably set to achieve maximum use capacity for the mixer. If the rotor is rotated too slowly, for example, the mixing rate is likewise slowed and if the rotor is moved too fast, the falling actin of material over the rotor bars, which greatly facilitates mixing, is inhibited.

To substantiate the improved operating efficiency of the present invention, a trailer model 560 "Quick Mixer" manufactured by Stirco, Inc. of Chatham, Ontario, Canada, was modified to embody the mixing elements of the present invention as described in the specific example above. This mixer had a 10 foot long mixing chamber and a 32 inch discharge under the secondary rotor. The mixer was loaded with 7350 pounds of one year old corn silage but since it was too full to see the rotor bars, it was unloaded to 6570 pounds. After the mixer was leveled and run for three minutes, silage sample 0 from the chart below was taken from the mixer. One hundred pounds of fine rock salt (39% sodium) was then added at a point A centered over the rotor and 12 inches from the rear of the mixer. The tractor used was a 4020 John Deere and the engine speed was set at 1250 to 1400 rpm. Other samples were to be taken at point B situated 32 inches forwardly of point A, point C situated 32 inches forwardly of point B and point D situated 32 inches forwardly of point C and 12 inches rearwardly of the front of the mixer.

The mixer was run for thirty seconds and was then stopped to take the first samples 1/2A, 1/2B, 1/2C and 1/2D by taking three handsful at each point A, B, C and D and placing the samples in sealed plastic bags. The mixer was then run another thirty seconds for samples 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and continuously thereafter at thirty second intervals until a five minute mixing time was complete. At each interval, a sample was also taken from discharge while unloading. The parts per million of sodium for each sample are recorded in the chart below. The First Test was run on the mixer prior to modification and the Second Test reflects the improved performance after modification to include the features of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1-13. Since the pure silage sample 0 in the First Test had 80 parts per million of sodium, 80 P.P.M. should be deducted from each sample for true results.

Likewise, the results recorded in the Second Test are a multiple of a certain factor, but are proportionally correct and show the improved mixing performance.

    ______________________________________                                         SALT TEST RESULTS                                                              First Test        Second Test                                                             Sodium,               Sodium,                                       Sample No. (p.p.m.)   Sample No. (p.p.m.)                                      ______________________________________                                         0           80        0           30                                           0 Unload   4210       1/2A       1872                                          1/2A       3330       1/2B       330                                           1/2B       12500      1/2C       722                                           1/2C       1060       1/2D        83                                           1/2D        173       1A         452                                           1/2 Unload 5430       1B         440                                           1A         10100      1C         1556                                          1B         12900      1D         550                                           1C         1290       11/2A      690                                           1D          283       11/2B      720                                           1 Unload   8070       11/2C      500                                           11/2A      5410       11/2D      282                                           11/2B      9910       2A         900                                           11/2C      2330       2B         858                                           11/2D       443       2C         878                                           11/2 Unload                                                                               5530       2D         824                                           2A         3660       21/2A      966                                           2B         7580       21/2B      898                                           2C         3650       21/2C      620                                           2D          359       21/2D      444                                           2 Unload   4630       3A         720                                           21/2A      4590       3B         872                                           21/2B      3270       3C         902                                           21/2C      2060       3D         102                                           21/2D       667       4A         764                                           21/2 Unload                                                                               3690       4B         796                                           3A         2770       4C         738                                           3B         7150       4D         644                                           3C         4590       5A         674                                           3D          478       5B         774                                           3 Unload   2350       5C         638                                           4A         5780       5D         634                                           4B         6270        0 Unload  206                                           4C         2090       10 Unload  348                                           4D          561       20 Unload  164                                           4 Unload   3580       30 Unload  702                                           5A         5640       40 Unload  308                                           5B         3440       50 Unload  186                                           5C         2480       60 Unload  200                                           5D         1220       Final Unload                                                                              201                                           5 Unload   2290                                                                Final Unload                                                                              1120                                                                ______________________________________                                    

In the second test, it is apparent that substantially uniform distribution of the salt was achieved after two minutes of mixing.

In addition to the salt tests, other performance comparisons were made on the same mixer before and after modification. Those results are reported in the chart below.

    ______________________________________                                         ADDITIONAL TEST RESULTS                                                                       Before      After                                               Capacity       Modification                                                                               Modification                                        ______________________________________                                         Full capacity lbs.                                                                            13,000      14,860                                              of Whole Corn                                                                  Cu. Ft. Capacity                                                                                285         325                                               Lbs. Silage - Full Test                                                                        7,190       9,570                                              Lbs. Silage - Maximum                                                                          7,720      10,920                                              Empty Mixer Weight                                                                             6,940       8,160                                              Unloading Time - Silage                                                                       6,650 lb. in                                                                               9,120 lb. in                                                       4 min. (13,000                                                                             11/4 min. (15,800                                                  lb. load)   lb. load)                                           Unloading Time - Corn                                                                         6 min.-1,000 lb.                                                                           1 min.-300 lb. left                                                left                                                                           20 min.-380 lb.                                                                            11/2 min.-120 lb.                                                  left        left                                                Unloading Time - Corn,                                                                        4 min. 80% out                                                                             45 sec. all out                                     Silage, Hay and                                                                               6 min. 95% out                                                  Feed Mix       8 min. 98% out                                                  Visual Test with Lima                                                                         Beans found at                                                                             Beans found at                                      Beans Loaded in Front                                                                         rear after 5                                                                               rear after 2                                                       min. mix.   min. mix.                                           Beans Loaded at Front                                                                         Very few    Even all over                                       on Silage                                                                      380 lb. whole corn in                                                                         Corn stayed in                                                                             Both went to front                                  rear. Equal bulk of                                                                           rear almost no                                                                             & mixed. All feed                                   silage in front                                                                               mix.; after 5                                                                              in front. mix                                                      min., silage                                                                               complete in 1 min.                                                 stayed in front                                                 Discharge Location                                                                            Center - Cannot                                                                            Front                                                              see from    Good vision                                                        tractor                                                         Spout Wind Loss                                                                               High        Minimum                                             ______________________________________                                    

Whereas preferred embodiments of the mixer have been shown and described herein, it is apparent that various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made which are within the intended broad scope of the appended claims. For example, in mixiers used to handle fertilizer or sludge, the endmost paddles on the augers may be replaced by a single section or pitch or reverse flighting and the discharge opening may be situated on the underside of the auxiliary chamber. Even on side discharge models for grain and the like, it is advantageous to provide, as an accesssory, a trap door through the underside of the auxiliary chamber for discharge through the floor screen of a grain elevator. In mixers used for hay and like roughage, the flighting on the lower auger may be provided with peripheral knotching to grab and pull the hay in the desired direction.

Thus there has been shown and described herein a feed mixer and method of mixing material therein which accomplish at least all of the stated objects. 

We claim:
 1. A material mixer, comprisinga mixer tank including forward and rearward end walls, a bottom wall and opposite side walls, said bottom wall including a first relatively large curved wall portion defining the bottom of a main chamber, a second relatively smaller curved wall portion defining the bottom of an auxiliary chamber, and an elongated ridge at the junction of said curved wall portions, a rotor including a plurality of elongated rotor bars adjacent the outer periphery thereof, means for supporting said rotor in said main chamber for rotation in a direction for movement of said rotor bars across said first wall portion toward said auxiliary chamber, said rotor having a diameter such that said rotor bars travel in an arc substantially conforming to and adjacent to said first wall portion, a lower auger, means for supporting said lower auger in said auxiliary chamber adjacent said second wall portion for rotation in a direction to move material axially of said lower auger, an upper auger, means for supporting upper auger in said auxiliary chamber above said lower auger for rotation in a direction to move material axially of said upper auger generally in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of material therebelow by said lower auger, and drive means for rotating said rotor and upper and lower augers.
 2. The mixer of claim 1 wherein said lower auger includes portions adapted for directing material in opposite axial directions in response to rotation of said lower auger in a single direction.
 3. The mixer of claim 2 wherein said upper auger includes portions adapted for directing material in opposite axial directions in response to rotation of said upper auger in a single direction.
 4. A mixer for fluent and nonfluent material, comprisinga mixer tank including forward and rearward end walls, a bottom wall and opposite side walls, said bottom wall including a first relatively large radius curved wall portion defining the bottom of a main chamber, a second relatively smaller radius curved wall portion defining the bottom of an auxiliary chamber, and an elongated ridge at the junction of said curved wall portions, a rotor including a plurality of elongated rotor bars adjacent the outer periphery thereof, means for supporting said rotor in said main chamber for rotation in a direction for movement of said rotor bars across said first wall portion toward said auxiliary chamber, said rotor having a diameter such that said rotor bars travel in an arc substantially conforming to and adjacent to said first wall portion, a lower auger, means for supporting said lower auger in said auxiliary chamber adjacent said second wall portion for rotation in a direction to move material toward one end wall, a upper auger, means for supporting upper auger in said auxiliary chamber above said lower auger for rotation in a direction to move material toward the opposite end wall, and drive means for rotating said rotor and upper and lower augers.
 5. The mixer of claim 4 wherein the top of the ridge is situated lower than the rotational axis of the rotor.
 6. The mixer of claim 5 wherein the rotational axis of the lower auger is situated lower than the rotational axis of the rotor.
 7. The mixer of claim 6 wherein the top of the ridge is situated lower than the rotational axis of the lower auger.
 8. The mixer of claim 4 wherein at least one of said second curved wall portion and the side wall adjacent said auxiliary chamber include a discharge opening adjacent said one end wall, a movable door and means for selectively moving said door to close and open said discharge opening.
 9. The mixer of claim 8 wherein the longitudinal extent of the discharge opening is less than one-half the length of said tank.
 10. The mixer of claim 4 further comprising means for supporting said rotor bars for movement radially of said rotor and means for urging said rotor bars radially outwardly of said rotor.
 11. The mixer of claim 4 further comprising at least one elongated wiper movably connected to a rotor bar for wiping contact with said first wall portion in response to movement of said rotor bar thereacross and means biasing said wiper into wiping contact with said first wall portion.
 12. The mixer of claim 11 further comprising means for supporting said rotor bars for movement radially of said rotor and means for urging said rotor bars radially outwardly of said rotor.
 13. The mixer of claim 11 wherein said wiper comprises an elongated blade having a continuous outer edge and an inner edge, means for pivotally connecting said inner edge to a rotor bar for rotation about the longitudinal axis of said rotor bar and said outer edge being situated for continuous contact with said first wall portion.
 14. The mixer of claim 4 further comprising a second wiper movably connected to another of said rotor bars.
 15. The mixer of claim 4 wherein said upper and lower augers rotate in the same direction.
 16. The mixer of claim 4 wherein said bottom auger has one end adjacent said one end wall and an opposite end adjacent the opposite end wall, flighting on said bottom auger at said opposite end and extending towards said one end and a plurality of radially extended paddles arranged in axially and circumferentially spaced-apart relation on said bottom auger between said flighting and said one end thereof.
 17. The mixer of claim 16 wherein said paddles include a plurality of radially extended fins adjacent said one end, said fins being inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis of said lower auger.
 18. The mixer of claim 17 wherein said fins are inclined for movement of material axially away from said one end wall thereby to facilitate upward movement of material toward said upper auger.
 19. The mixer of claim 17 wherein said paddles further include a plurality of radially directed angle iron members situated axially between said fins and flighting.
 20. The mixer of claim 19 wherein said angle iron members are so positioned that the flanges thereof are inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the auger for moving material toward said one end in response to rotation of the lower auger.
 21. The mixer of claim 16 wherein said upper auger has one end adjacent said one end wall and an opposite end adjacent the opposite end wall, flighting at said one end and extending toward said opposite end and a plurality of radially extended paddles arranged in axially and circumferentially spaced-apart relation on said upper auger between said flighting and said opposite end thereof.
 22. The mixer of claim 21 wherein said upper auger paddles include end paddles adjacent the opposite end thereof, said end paddles having inclined surfaces for moving material away from said opposite end in response to rotation of the upper auger.
 23. The mixer of claim 22 wherein said upper auger paddles include middle paddles disposed axially between said flighting and end paddles, said middle paddles including inclined surfaces directed for moving material toward said opposite end in response to rotation of the upper auger.
 24. The mixer of claim 23 wherein said end paddles and middle paddles comprise angle iron members.
 25. The mixer of claim 4 further comprising a second upper auger disposed in adjacent side-by-side relation to said upper auger.
 26. A method of mixing material, comprisingproviding an elongated mixer tank having longitudinally spaced-apart forward and rearward end walls, opposite side walls and a bottom wall including a first relatively large curved wall portion defining the bottom of a main chamber, a second relatively smaller curved wall portion defining the bottom of an auxiliary chamber and an elongated ridge at the juncture of said curved wall portions, loading material into said mixer tank, moving at least one elongated rotor bar in a rotary path adjacent and across said first wall portion and substantially spanning said main chamber, thereby mixing material in said main chamber and moving at least a portion of said material over said ridge to said auxiliary chamber, mixing material in a lower portion of said auxiliary chamber adjacent said second wall portion while simultaneously advancing material longitudinally across said lower portion of said auxiliary chamber, and mixing material in an upper portion of said auxiliary chamber while simultaneously advancing material longitudinally across said upper portion in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of material therebelow in said lower portion, and spilling material back into said main chamber.
 27. The method of claim 26 further comprising providing a discharge opening in said lower portion of said auxiliary chamber and continuously advancing material across said second curved wall portion toward said discharge opening.
 28. A method of mixing material, fluent and nonfluent, comprisingproviding a mixer tank having forward and rearward end walls, opposite side walls and a bottom wall including a first relatively large curved wall portion defining the bottom of a main chamber, a second relatively smaller radius curved wall portion defining the bottom of an auxiliary chamber and an elongated ridge at the juncture of said curved wall portions, loading material into said mixer tank, moving at least one elongated rotor bar in a rotary path adjacent and across said first wall portion and substantially spanning said main chamber, thereby mixing material in said main chamber and moving at least a portion of said material over said ridge to said auxiliary chamber, mixing material in said auxiliary chamber adjacent said second wall portion while simultaneously advancing material across a lower portion of said auxiliary chamber toward one end wall, accumulating material adjacent said one end wall in a pile extending into an upper portion of said auxiliary chamber, mixing material in said upper portion of said auxiliary chamber while simultaneously advancing material across said upper portion toward the opposite end wall and spilling material back into said main chamber.
 29. The method of claim 28 further comprising providing a discharge opening in said lower portion of said auxiliary chamber adjacent said one end wall and continuously circulating material across said second curved wall portion to said discharge opening.
 30. The method of claim 29 further comprising wiping said first wall portion in response to movement of said rotor bar across said first wall portion.
 31. The method of claim 29 further comprising retarding the advance of material across the lower portion of said auxiliary chamber toward said one end wall at a position adjacent said one end wall.
 32. The method of claim 31 further comprising retarding the advance of material across the upper portion of said auxiliary chamber toward said opposite end wall at a position adjacent said opposite end wall thereby facilitating spillage of material from said upper portion back into said main chamber and downward movement of material to said lower portion of said auxiliary chamber.
 33. The method of claim 29 further comprising chopping material in the lower portion of said auxiliary chamber adjacent said one end wall.
 34. The method of claim 33 further comprising chopping material in the upper portion of said auxiliary chamber adjacent said opposite end wall. 